Up Next
Back to Show
PBS Space Time
Did AI Prove Our Proton Model Wrong?
Season 9
Episode 17
The humble proton may seem simple enough, and they’re certainly common. And protons are each made of three up or down quarks. Simple stuff, right? All except for that last part. Protons are actually made of many, many quarks that happen to look like three only when we look at them in a particular way. And even then, sometimes they’re made of 5 quarks - including the charm quark.
Support Provided By
18:46
Tardigrades can survive almost anything—even most of Mars. But one Martian chemical stops even them.
18:18
The Higgs boson may open a portal to hidden particles that could explain dark matter.
19:02
The universe expands faster. “Dark energy” may not be constant after all.
16:26
There’s a new generation of experiments that may unlock the gravity particle.
18:33
The universe thrums with quantum fields, except something may be missing: the sterile neutrino.
18:42
Gravitons, the particle of quantum gravity, may be impossible to detect.
25:02
2025 was the international year of quantum science, but today we examine its origins.
21:17
We’ve found lots of “habitable” worlds but we don’t know what factors are needed for life.
19:52
Antimatter drives sound like science fiction, but they may not be as far as you think.
23:22
Does quantum mechanics allow the future to retroactively influence the past or not?
19:14
Life on mars could result in humanity’s destruction via Fermi Paradox.